Concise review of the red macroalga dulse, Palmaria palmata (L.) Weber & Mohr

Abstract Palmaria palmata , commonly referred to as dulse is a well-known and highly valued red macroalga distributed along the North Atlantic shores within latitude range of approximately 40 80 °N. It species commercial importance with historical records use food dating back several centuries current harvesting by hand-picking on foreshore in Western Europe well Canada (New Brunswick Nova Scotia) USA (Maine). Because demand for P. increases future sustainable developments cannot rely solely wild-harvested biomass, significant efforts have been made research industrial actors cultivate species. The low rates spore release germination, high mortality epibiont contaminations remain major bottlenecks point towards need optimized hatchery methods enable upscaling biomass production. present review summarizes available knowledge related biology, including unique life history among Rhodophyta, ecology nutrient composition quality food. Recent advances taxonomy cultivation techniques are reported status regulations harvest wild populations. An outlook perspectives using also given.